JN1 Variant

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Evaluation of the JN1 Variant and COVID-19 Situation by Chest Diseases Specialist

The JN1 variant of Covid-19, recently identified by the World Health Organization as a variant that requires attention, continues to spread globally, including in our country. Dr. Ergün Tozkoparan, a Chest Diseases Specialist, emphasizes that while Covid-19 now presents symptoms similar to the flu, it should not be underestimated. Respiratory diseases and the tendency to be in closed environments have contributed to an increase in virus-related illnesses.

Influenza cases typically rise in December and January, and this year, alongside influenza, there has been an increase in Covid cases during the same period. Dr. Tozkoparan notes that the majority of patients with respiratory symptoms in hospitals are diagnosed with infections caused by either Covid or influenza viruses. Globally, according to the World Health Organization's report, there is a 52% increase in Covid cases in December compared to November. Hospitalizations due to Covid have increased by 25%, and there is a 21% increase in patients requiring intensive care. These trends are expected due to the colder season, which generally leads to higher rates of viral infections in closed environments.

Dr. Tozkoparan emphasizes that, although Covid now behaves more like the flu, it should not be underestimated. He points out that we are not experiencing the Delta variant that was prevalent two years ago; instead, new variants like JN1 are emerging, behaving similarly to regular flu and posing risks, particularly for vulnerable groups. Over 50% of cases are attributed to the Omicron JN1 variant, according to the World Health Organization, but other viruses such as Rhinovirus and RSV can also be present. New variants, as with other viral infections, tend to have more severe effects on individuals with underlying risk factors.

Precautions are still necessary, even though Covid may resemble the flu. Dr. Tozkoparan emphasizes the importance of taking preventive measures in all conditions, as Covid cases with new variants can still lead to severe outcomes in high-risk groups.

Who is at the highest risk?

Individuals aged 65 and older, those with chronic conditions such as heart, lung, kidney, or diabetes issues, individuals undergoing chemotherapy, and those with suppressed immune systems are at the highest risk.

Intensive care units' current status

While there are Covid and influenza cases in intensive care units, the majority of patients have underlying risk factors. The need for intensive care is not significantly higher than expected. Approximately 99% of patients in intensive care have underlying risk factors, with some facing life-threatening situations. High-risk individuals, especially the elderly and those with accompanying heart or lung diseases, undergoing chemotherapy, or with suppressed immune systems, may have a higher risk of severe outcomes.

What precautions should be taken?

To protect against Covid and other respiratory illnesses, avoiding crowded places as much as possible is crucial. However, daily activities such as school and work may make this challenging. Pregnant individuals and those with risk factors should especially avoid crowded environments. Sick individuals should stay away from those with risk factors. Boosting the immune system with nutritious food and plenty of water is essential. Adequate fluid intake is crucial, and a diet rich in Mediterranean-style and vitamin C-rich foods is recommended. Particularly, foods containing antioxidants known to strengthen the immune system, such as pomegranates, beets, and berries, should be preferred.

Should masks be reintroduced?

Dr. Tozkoparan suggests that individuals with risk factors, especially in crowded environments, should wear masks. Protecting these individuals from infection is vital, and wearing masks in crowded places, even for those without specific risk factors, is recommended to prevent the introduction of the virus into homes.

In summary, while Covid now shares similarities with the flu, caution and preventive measures remain essential, especially for high-risk groups.